running
Behind the Design: What Makes a Running Shoe Great

Foam, an upper you forget and the rocker question — what to look for before you buy.
The midsole does the work
Everything you feel on a run is the foam: how much there is, how it rebounds, how it lasts. Look for a full-length midsole, not a wedge under the heel.
The upper should disappear
A good upper is one you forget. Engineered mesh, a heel counter that holds, and a tongue that stays put.
Rocker or flat
A rocker sole rolls you forward and suits longer, slower runs. A flat sole suits speed work and the gym.